The National Labor Relations Board maintains a public case management system tracking every unfair labor practice charge filed under the NLRA — 20,000–25,000 annually. Here is the case lifecycle, data structure, how to query the NLRB API, and what the data reveals about the 2022–2024 Starbucks and Amazon organizing surge.
June 2026
161 dated technical articles. These pages record the methods and claims as published; follow each article's source links and update notes for its current scope.
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey tracks monthly job openings, hires, quits, layoffs, and other separations by industry and region. Here is the data structure, BLS API access, and what JOLTS reveals about the Great Resignation, the Fed's rate-hike calculus, and the labor market signals that precede recessions.
Federal data · Economy and demographics · Labor and workplace
The FTC Consumer Sentinel Network aggregates 8M+ fraud, identity theft, and consumer complaint reports annually from the FTC and dozens of partner organizations. Here is what the dataset contains, how to access it, and what it reveals about imposter scams, cryptocurrency fraud, and the counterintuitive age dynamics of financial loss.
The Federal Railroad Administration publishes two linked databases covering US railroad safety since 1975: Form 54 (all rail accidents — derailments, collisions, fires, explosions) and Form 57 (highway-rail grade crossing accidents). Together they cover 250,000+ incidents with train information, track type, speed at accident, casualties, and equipment damage.
The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation publishes data on every terminated private-sector defined-benefit pension plan it has trusteed since 1975 — over 5,000 plans covering millions of workers. The data reveals which industries have abandoned their pension obligations, how much the PBGC paid out vs. what was promised, and which plan sponsors walked away from the largest underfunded obligations.
The USGS National Earthquake Information Center maintains a catalog of every recorded earthquake globally — magnitude 2.5+ events back to 1900, with 100,000+ events per year above M4 globally. Here is the data structure, how to access the API and bulk downloads, and what the catalog reveals about fault hazard zones, the Oklahoma induced seismicity surge from wastewater injection, and historical earthquake patterns.
The US organ-procurement, transplant, and tissue system, assembled from government records: hundreds of source-linked findings on a federally protected monopoly, the procurement-vs-care conflict at the bedside, the consent gaps over unclaimed bodies, the money, the prosecutions, and the sworn testimony. The index to the whole OrganWatch investigation. Institution level, zero personal data.
Organ and tissue industry · Health and medicine · Transparency and open data
EPA's Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO) publishes every CAA, CWA, RCRA, and TSCA enforcement case — facility violations, formal actions, penalties assessed, and compliance status for 800,000+ regulated facilities. Here is the data structure, how to query it, and what the database reveals about which facilities violate the most, which industries face the steepest penalties, and where environmental justice and enforcement gaps align.
For the first time, the US government grades every organ procurement organization on objective outcome measures and publishes the result. The tiers are damning: roughly a third of OPOs sit in the lowest band, which CMS itself deems out of compliance and eligible for decertification. A sourced reading of the CMS tier data — what the tiers mean, which OPOs are in Tier 3, and how the first-ever decertification finally happened.
Health and medicine · Organ and tissue industry · Transparency and open data
The consent gaps in US body donation exist because there is a paying market on the other side. A sourced account of the demand side: medical-device companies that run cadaver labs, the US military buying donated bodies for blast and landmine testing, surgical-training firms, and the per-part price market that moved tens of thousands of bodies — all lawful, because federal law bars selling organs for transplant but barely touches the non-transplant body trade.
Health and medicine · Organ and tissue industry · Transparency and open data
The consent gaps in US body and tissue donation are not theoretical — they have a criminal record. A sourced account of the court cases: a $58.5M verdict against an Arizona body-donation company, federal prison for operators who sold bodies with forged consent, convictions for shipping disease-infected tissue, and the 2025 Harvard Medical School morgue trafficking case — set against the law that bans selling transplant organs but barely touches the non-transplant body trade.
Health and medicine · Organ and tissue industry · Transparency and open data
If you died unclaimed, could your body be sent for dissection or research without consent? The answer depends almost entirely on the state. Reading the statutes for all 51 US jurisdictions finds that 33 permit use of an unclaimed or indigent body without affirmative next-of-kin consent, and only 13 require consent. A sourced, de-identified map of the 50-state patchwork.
Health and medicine · Organ and tissue industry · Transparency and open data
The hardest question in the US organ system is at the bedside of the dying: when does recovery begin, and who is watching for the patient rather than the organ? In 2025 a federal HRSA review of 351 donation-after-circulatory-death cases found concerning features in roughly 29% and concluded a number of patients may not have been deceased when procurement began. A sourced, de-identified account of the dead-donor rule, the NRP controversy, the premature-procurement findings, and the structural conflict behind them.
Health and medicine · Organ and tissue industry · Transparency and open data
Organ donation is free; the system around it is not. The federally designated OPOs are cost-reimbursed regional monopolies, and the largest are nonprofits reporting $100M+ revenue with seven-figure executive pay. A sourced follow-the-money account — the cost-plus model, the OPTN contract, the Senate Finance finding that OPOs have stronger incentives for tissue than for lifesaving organs, the for-profit tissue pipeline, lobbying against reform, and the federal audits. Institution/role level, zero personal data.
Health and medicine · Organ and tissue industry · Transparency and open data
When a person dies unclaimed or indigent in America, the law in most states lets their body be sent for dissection, research, or the for-profit body trade with no next-of-kin consent required. A sourced account of the consent gap — the state unclaimed-body statutes, the documented University of North Texas case, the coroner cornea-removal laws and the court split over whether a body is property, and the FDA exemption that leaves whole bodies and tissue barely regulated while transplant organs are tightly governed.
Health and medicine · Organ and tissue industry · Transparency and open data
The US organ-procurement system is a federally regulated monopoly — 56+ Organ Procurement Organizations with exclusive territories feeding a national network that had one contractor for nearly four decades. Its failures are documented by the government itself: a CMS performance rule, a bipartisan Senate Finance investigation, HRSA’s breakup of the monopoly, GAO and HHS-OIG audits, and in 2025 the first move to decertify an OPO. Sourced, with the public data behind it.
Health and medicine · Organ and tissue industry · Transparency and open data
Information-rights posture has two axes — how open the government is (Right to Information) and how protected the citizen is (Data Protection). Joining the two new Voidly datasets on country (a rare exact key), this maps the two-by-two space and the real tension where privacy law is used to deny access and openness without protection exposes individuals.
Censorship and information control · Cybersecurity and privacy · Transparency and open data
There is no single US cyber-breach registry. One incident can surface in three unconnected federal places — CISA’s KEV catalog (the exploited vulnerability), an SEC 8-K Item 1.05 filing (the material event), and the HHS OCR breach portal (health data) — each with a different trigger, threshold, and clock. A guide to joining them by victim organization and date.
Cybersecurity and privacy · Finance and markets · Transparency and open data · Engineering and infrastructure
A company can be on a US government list and it can mean five completely different things — an OFAC asset freeze, a BIS export-license denial, an NS-CMIC securities ban, a UFLPA import ban, or an FCC equipment-authorization bar. A field guide to telling the five regimes apart and why conflating them is wrong — the taxonomy behind SpyLedger and the sanctions-programs reference.
There is no single US recall database — cars are recalled by NHTSA, consumer products by the CPSC, food/drugs/devices by the FDA, and meat and poultry by USDA-FSIS. A guide to weaving the four feeds into one cross-agency recall view, joined on firm name and date, with the hazard-classification mismatches and what a unified view reveals.
Consumer protection · Health and medicine · Transportation safety · Engineering and infrastructure
Three public datasets describe how organizations try to shape government and what they receive: FEC campaign finance (who gives), lobbying disclosures (who lobbies), and USAspending (who wins contracts). Joined on organization + parent name — there is no shared identifier — with the honest correlation-not-causation caveat.
Money in politics · Government operations · Transparency and open data · Engineering and infrastructure
A tax-exempt organization’s partial federal footprint — IRS recognition records, any required Form 990 filings, and USAspending grants, contracts, and subawards — joined only where a stable identifier supports the match. It distinguishes federal award obligations from grants made and cash outlays, preserves church filing exceptions, and documents the gaps that break the join.
Transparency and open data · Government operations · Engineering and infrastructure
Federal money funds research, that research becomes patents, and some patents become products. Four datasets follow the path — NIH and NSF grants, USPTO patents (whose Bayh-Dole government-interest statements disclose the funding behind them), and FDA approvals — joined on institution, inventor, and the government-interest clause.
Six federal datasets follow a prescription drug across its life — FDA approval, the National Drug Code directory, CMS Open Payments (manufacturer payments to prescribers), Medicare Part D prescribing and spending, and CDC overdose mortality — joined on the NDC code, ingredient, and manufacturer. The keys, the brand/generic and NDC-format gotchas, and what the assembled pipeline answers.
Health and medicine · Transparency and open data · Engineering and infrastructure
Voidly is sixteen datasets on how accountability is suppressed and reclaimed: network censorship, banned books, the surveillance industry, ownership opacity, foreign-held land, foreign money in universities, grid ownership, immigration detention and deputization, federal prisons, sanctions authorities, information and genetic rights, reported federal AI use, and the US organ system. One shared source-cited, agent-first, privacy-careful method.
Censorship and information control · Transparency and open data
The public-access status of 46 national beneficial-ownership registers (EU, UK, US, and major offshore centres) after the 2022 CJEU ruling — only 7 remain fully public. A record of corporate-transparency rollback as state behavior, with zero personal data, plus the open CC0 GLEIF ownership graph captured as the preservable counterweight.
Censorship and information control · Transparency and open data
The public corporate identity and government-designation status of 20 marquee spyware and mass-surveillance vendors (NSO Group, Intellexa, Hikvision, Huawei and more) — every designation rebuilt from a primary US/EU source and precisely typed: export control, sanction, equipment-authorization, or investment restriction.
Censorship and information control · Sanctions and illicit finance · Transparency and open data
A data read of the Verboten index across 119 countries: political content is the world’s #1 stated reason for banning a book (9,813 titles), LGBTQ+ bans are ~95% American, and the 2020s already hold 9,411 newly banned titles — the two censorship regimes and the four-century arc behind them.
Censorship and information control · Transparency and open data
A structured, source-cited index of book censorship worldwide — 19,283 banned or restricted titles across 119 countries — built on the CC-BY banned-books.org Open Censorship Core and served as static JSON for AI agents to query: is this book banned in that country, and why?
Censorship and information control · Transparency and open data · Engineering and infrastructure
The IRS publishes Form 990 filings for political organizations — 527 committees (direct political spending) and 501(c)(4) social welfare organizations (the dark money vehicle). The data covers revenue, expenditures, officer compensation, and political activities for 65,000+ organizations. Here is what the data contains, how to access it via ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer and the IRS bulk XML, and what it reveals about the shadow infrastructure of US political spending.
Federal data · Transparency and open data · Money in politics
US trade controls and the trade they govern usually live in separate datasets — OFAC’s sanctions lists, BIS’s export-enforcement record, and the Census foreign-trade statistics. This guide joins all three by country, HS commodity, and party so the rules, the violations, and the actual flow of goods line up in one view.
Economy and demographics · Sanctions and illicit finance · Engineering and infrastructure
A guide to building a single facility view from four EPA compliance datasets — joining the RCRA hazardous-waste registry, the Toxic Release Inventory, Clean Air Act compliance, and the ECHO enforcement record through the Facility Registry Service ID, so a site’s permits, pollution, violations, and penalties come together in one place. Covers the join key, the program identifiers, the environmental-justice questions the assembled data answers, and a worked Python walkthrough against EPA’s key-free public APIs.
Four federal hazard datasets — the National Weather Service alert feed, NOAA’s Storm Events Database, the USGS earthquake catalog, and FEMA’s disaster declarations — line the warning, the event, the damage, and the federal response up in one view. A guide to joining them on place and time so an analyst can measure warning lead time against casualties and see what share of damaging events ever became a federal disaster.
The US food-safety system is split across three federal agencies — CDC epidemiology, USDA FSIS recalls of meat and poultry, and FDA recalls of everything else — and the chain from a detected outbreak to the recall that pulls contaminated food off shelves only comes together when their datasets are joined. This guide traces that chain through public, key-free data, aligning the records by pathogen, product, firm, and time.
Food and agriculture · Health and medicine · Engineering and infrastructure
Four federal energy datasets — EIA’s plant and generator inventory, the ownership schedule, the electricity generation and price series, and FERC’s market-manipulation enforcement record — joined on the plant code and the operator name into one view of the physical grid, who owns it, what it produces, and who polices it.
A guide to mapping the federal research enterprise from data — joining NSF awards, NIH grants, and ORI misconduct findings on institution and investigator so the flow of federal science money and its oversight come together in one view. Covers the two funding pillars, the misconduct accountability layer, the join-key normalization problem, and a Python workflow that aggregates funding and lines findings up against grants.
Whether a given college is worth it can be answered school by school — and now program by program — by joining two federal datasets: NCES IPEDS, the mandatory census of what every college charges and graduates, with the College Scorecard’s record of debt and post-enrollment earnings. A guide to the UnitID/OPEID join, the CIP program layer, and a worked earnings-to-debt value ratio.
A guide to tracing the employment-based immigration pipeline through federal data — joining the Department of Labor’s foreign-labor certifications, the USCIS record of H-1B petitions, and the BLS wage statistics that set the prevailing-wage floor, so the path by which a US employer hires a foreign worker comes together in one view.
Justice and immigration · Labor and workplace · Engineering and infrastructure
A guide to tracing a federal regulation end to end — from the public law that authorizes it, through the proposed and final rules in the Federal Register, to the public-comment docket on Regulations.gov — by threading the RIN, the docket ID, and the Federal Register document number across three connected datasets.
A single workplace’s federal safety history is scattered across four OSHA datasets — the inspections, the citations they generate, the severe-injury reports employers must file, and the annual Form 300A summaries. This guide assembles them into one establishment-level view, keyed by inspection number and employer, and asks whether enforcement actually lowers injury rates afterward.
Labor and workplace · Federal data · Engineering and infrastructure
A guide to reconstructing the full arc of a US catastrophe from four OpenFEMA datasets — joining the disaster declaration, the Public Assistance grants that rebuild, the Hazard Mitigation projects that prevent the next loss, and the NFIP flood claims that pay homeowners — so one hurricane, wildfire, or flood can be followed from the day the President signs the declaration through every dollar the federal government spends in response.
Most federal data syntheses fail at the join — there is no shared key, so the analyst is left fuzzy-matching names. The SEC ecosystem is the rare exception: EDGAR’s Central Index Key uniquely identifies every filer, so the company registry, the 8-K material-event filings, the 13F holdings that name the company, its Form D private placements, and its litigation and administrative enforcement all link without ambiguity. This guide assembles all six SEC datasets into one CIK-keyed corporate profile that follows a company across its entire public life.
No single federal dataset shows the opioid epidemic whole — but three of them, joined on geography, do. This guide aligns the DEA’s ARCOS record of how the pills were shipped, the CDC’s death-certificate record of how people died, and the CMS record of where Medicare addiction treatment reaches survivors, so the supply, the toll, and the response line up in one geographic view.
A bank rarely fails without warning — its slide shows up in the quarterly call reports quarters before regulators close it. This is a guide to reconstructing the whole arc from federal data, joining the FDIC institution registry, the call-report financials, the enforcement orders, and the failed-bank record on one clean key: the FDIC certificate number.
Finance and markets · Federal data · Engineering and infrastructure
A single agency owns the entire defect-to-outcome loop — NHTSA collects the complaints, opens the investigations, compels the recalls, tracks the completion reports, and counts the deaths. This guide assembles all five datasets into one pipeline and shows how to join a complaint cluster to the recall it provoked and the fatalities it cost.
Transportation safety · Consumer protection · Engineering and infrastructure
The US aviation-safety feedback loop is split across two agencies — the NTSB that investigates and the FAA that regulates — so the accident finding and the mandatory fix live in different databases. This guide traces an unsafe condition from accident, to airworthiness directive, to the registered fleet it applies to, joining four federal datasets on aircraft make and model into one accountable chain.
No single federal file tells you how Americans die — five CDC mortality datasets do, when you assemble them: the leading-causes ranking, the injury and external-cause records, the suicide series, drug-overdose mortality, and excess deaths. All are cut from the same National Vital Statistics System death certificates, so they share join keys and age-adjustment, and the work is aligning their cause definitions rather than parsing five separate NCHS releases.
Consolidation is the defining force in American healthcare, but it leaves its fingerprints across four separate CMS records that do not share a key. This is a field guide to bridging the provider-ownership files, the change-of-ownership transactions, and the Care Compare quality datasets through the enrollment-to-CCN crosswalk — turning who owns a facility, the deal that changed it, and the staffing and outcomes that followed into one traceable, facility-level story.
Health and medicine · Ownership and consolidation · Engineering and infrastructure
The hardest and most valuable move in federal data analysis is following one company across four disconnected systems — the political money it gives, the lobbying it pays for, the contracts it wins, and the fraud cases brought against it. None of them share a key, so the work is entity resolution: normalizing names, mapping subsidiaries to parents, and living with fuzzy matches.
Engineering and infrastructure · Money in politics · Government operations
Home infusion therapy — antibiotics, immune globulin, chemotherapy, and parenteral nutrition delivered into a vein or under the skin at a patient’s kitchen table — became a permanent Medicare benefit only on January 1, 2021. CMS keeps the enrollment record of the suppliers qualified to bill for it: roughly 324 home infusion therapy suppliers, a small and concentrated census of a benefit just a few years old.
EIA Form 860’s ownership schedule records who actually holds the equity in every US electric generator — the regulated utilities, merchant producers, public power authorities, and financial investors — and the joint-ownership percentages that untangle who controls how many megawatts across the fleet. A field-level guide to the ~5,400-record ownership file, joint ownership in baseload coal and nuclear plants, parent-company rollups, and the Python to aggregate owned capacity and flag co-owned plants.
Environment and energy · Ownership and consolidation · Federal data
The EPA’s inventory of every public water system in the country — an inventory file of roughly 400,000 records keyed by PWSID, of which about 150,000 are active systems, from the largest city utilities to the campground wells that serve twenty-five people. A field-level guide to system types, size categories, source water, state primacy, and the inventory that the violations and inspection datasets all hang off of.
Environment and energy · Engineering and infrastructure · Federal data
Airworthiness Directives are not advice — they are legally binding FAA orders, issued under 14 CFR Part 39, that ground an aircraft until an unsafe condition is fixed. This guide walks through the ~22,900 FAA rulemaking actions in the faa_actions table: how an AD turns an accident finding into a fleet-wide mandate, emergency ADs and the 737 MAX, aging-aircraft and engine directives, the join to the aircraft registry by make and model, and a worked Federal Register API walkthrough.
Every year the CDC ranks the top causes of death in each state — heart disease, cancer, unintentional injury, and the rest of the top ten — with counts and age-adjusted rates standardized so a young state and an old one can be compared on a like-for-like basis. This is the top-level view that sits above the cause-specific mortality datasets.
CMS publishes the full ownership filings for every Medicare-enrolled hospital — naming the health systems, private-equity firms, and real-estate investment trusts with a direct or indirect interest in each facility, keyed to the hospital’s PECOS enrollment and associate IDs (not the CMS Certification Number, which the file does not carry). A field guide to the ~147,000-record hospital all-owners file: the disclosure rule behind it, the schema and role codes, how to trace an opco/propco/REIT chain, the Steward–Medical Properties Trust collapse, the joins to change-of-ownership data and, through an enrollment-to-CCN crosswalk, to quality data, a worked Python walkthrough, and the caveats of self-reported ownership.
Health and medicine · Ownership and consolidation · Federal data
When a vaping device’s battery overheats in a pocket, when a pouch of tobacco arrives webbed with mold, when an e-liquid triggers a reaction no label warned of, the complaint can land in one federal file — the FDA’s Tobacco Product Problem Reports. This deep-dive walks the ~1,300-report dataset behind tobacco and vaping safety surveillance: the 2009 statute that created the Center for Tobacco Products, the 2016 deeming rule that pulled e-cigarettes in, the product and problem taxonomy, the underreporting and causation caveats, and a Python workflow over the openFDA tobacco endpoint.
When a dog seizes after a flea-and-tick chew or a horse colics after a dewormer, the report often lands in the FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine’s adverse-event system — the veterinary counterpart to FAERS. This guide covers the ~25,000-report dataset, the passive-surveillance model, the species-and-reaction taxonomy, and a Python walkthrough of the openFDA animalandveterinary/event API.
When a hospital or nursing home is sold, the new owner usually inherits the seller’s Medicare provider number, compliance history, and liabilities — and that transfer leaves a CHOW record. The roughly 5,900-row CMS change-of-ownership dataset is the transaction-level ledger of healthcare consolidation: who bought which facility, from whom, and when.
Health and medicine · Ownership and consolidation · Federal data
A recall only prevents harm if the defective part is actually replaced — and federal regulations make manufacturers report, quarter by quarter, how many recalled units they have repaired. This guide covers the ~73,600 quarterly completion reports behind the question the recall headline never answers: did the cars get fixed?
Every facility on earth that makes, repackages, relabels, or imports a medical device for the US market must register with the FDA each year and list the devices it handles — roughly 324,000 establishments keyed by FEI and registration number. This is the federal worldwide map of who handles what in the device supply chain, and the registry that ties manufacturers, contract makers, specification developers, repackagers, and importers to the device product codes they touch.
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in the United States, and one of the few that rose for most of two decades. The CDC/NCHS suicide-mortality record — age-adjusted and crude rates by year, sex, age group, and method, built from death-certificate data in the National Vital Statistics System — is the baseline that prevention policy aims to lower. A field-level guide to the data behind 988 and the suicide-prevention effort.
Before a recall there is an investigation. NHTSA’s Office of Defects Investigation works the space between a complaint pattern and a recall — opening a Preliminary Evaluation, escalating to an Engineering Analysis, and either forcing a recall or closing without action. This is the ~5,300-record federal account of how a safety defect moves from early signal to mass recall, the data behind Takata, the GM ignition switch, and Firestone.
Premarket Approval is the FDA’s most stringent device pathway — the route a Class III device must take to reach the US market, proving its own safety and effectiveness with clinical evidence rather than borrowing equivalence from a predecessor. This guide walks the ~56,000 PMA approvals and supplements: originals versus supplements, the PMA-vs-510(k) divide, advisory-committee specialties, the supplement lifecycle, and a Python workflow against the openFDA device/pma endpoint.
For the first fifty-five years of Medicare, the program would not pay a methadone clinic a cent — until the SUPPORT Act built a Part B bundled benefit that took effect in January 2020. This guide walks the CMS enrollment file of the roughly 1,300 opioid treatment programs now billing Medicare: the 42 CFR Part 8 rules, the SAMHSA-DEA-accreditation triad, the schema keyed by CCN and enrollment ID, and a Python workflow that maps treatment capacity against the overdose burden.
The NASA Office of Inspector General is the independent watchdog that audits the cost and schedule of the Space Launch System, Orion, the James Webb Space Telescope, and the Commercial Crew contracts with SpaceX and Boeing — and reports the overruns. Roughly 850 audit and investigative reports trace how NASA spends its ~$25 billion budget, which programs run over, and what the OIG recommends to fix it.
When the SEC’s staff reviews a public company’s filings and has questions, it sends a comment letter — and EDGAR publishes both the staff’s questions and the company’s replies. This is the candid, lagged record of how disclosure standards get enforced in the space between formal enforcement actions: which accounting topics draw scrutiny, which companies got pushed, and how filings changed in response.
Finance and markets · Transparency and open data · Federal data
Federally Qualified Health Centers and Rural Health Clinics are the two Medicare clinic types that anchor the primary-care safety net in low-income and rural America — and CMS’s enrollment files are the supply map of where they sit, who runs them, and under what status. A field guide to ~16,600 clinic enrollments, the statutes behind them, and how to join them to ownership and provider data.
Oversight.gov is the single searchable library of federal Inspector General work, run by CIGIE to aggregate the audits, inspections, and investigations that some seventy-odd OIGs publish separately. This guide covers the Inspector General Act, CIGIE and the PRAC, recurring findings and open recommendations, how the catalog joins to spending and agency data, a worked Oversight.gov API walkthrough, and the caveats.
Government operations · Transparency and open data · Federal data
The SEC brings a large share of its enforcement in its own forum — before an administrative law judge or the Commission itself — rather than in federal court. This deep-dive covers the ~18,400 administrative proceedings in our table: the registrant bars, accountant suspensions, registration revocations, and orders instituting proceedings, the forum-choice questions that Lucia and Jarkesy reshaped, and how the record joins to EDGAR and the compliance-screening lists.
The full catalog of known software vulnerabilities runs into the hundreds of thousands — far too many to patch all at once. CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog cuts that universe down to the ~1,600 CVEs confirmed to be exploited in the wild, and Binding Operational Directive 22-01 turns the list into an enforceable federal patching mandate. This guide reads it as the highest-signal vulnerability prioritization feed the government publishes.
FEMA’s Assistance to Firefighters Grants and its sister programs — SAFER staffing, Fire Prevention and Safety, and EMPG — are the everyday-readiness side of FEMA, putting turnout gear, breathing apparatus, apparatus, training, and firefighters themselves into local departments. OpenFEMA publishes the awards as roughly 74,000 grant records: who got funded, where, for what, and how federal dollars reach volunteer and rural departments.
When the SEC sues in federal district court—for accounting fraud, insider trading, Ponzi schemes, market manipulation, or FCPA bribery—it issues a Litigation Release that summarizes the complaint and tracks the case to judgment. This guide walks the ~11,800-release record: the civil-court versus administrative-forum split, what Jarkesy changed, the join by defendant to EDGAR and the enforcement screening lists, and a Python workflow that tallies releases by year and searches them by name.
When a credit union or its officials break the law or run the institution into the ground, the NCUA acts — cease-and-desist orders, civil money penalties, prohibitions, conservatorships, and liquidations. This guide reads ~1,400 of those enforcement actions as the credit-union piece that completes the four-regulator picture of every federally insured depository in the country.
The VA Office of Inspector General is the independent watchdog over the second-largest federal department — the nation’s largest integrated health system, the benefits administration, and the cemeteries. Roughly 4,280 reports, keyed to the facility or program reviewed, span healthcare inspections, benefits audits, construction reviews, and criminal investigations — the documentary trail behind the Phoenix wait-time scandal and the accountability that followed.
The Lobbying Disclosure Act forces every paid lobbyist to file the client, the issues, the agencies contacted, and the money — a quarterly public ledger of the influence industry. This guide walks the LD-2 and LD-203 filings, the standardized issue-area codes, the Senate and House disclosure systems, and how the data joins to the campaign-finance and foreign-agent records.
The Department of Justice has its own independent watchdog — an inspector general who audits, inspects, and investigates the FBI, DEA, ATF, the Bureau of Prisons, and the rest of the department, then publishes the findings. This guide covers what the roughly 3,000 published OIG reports are, the Inspector General Act of 1978 that created the office, the audit-evaluation-investigation product lines, the landmark FBI and FISA reviews, how recommendations are tracked, where the data lives on oig.justice.gov and oversight.gov, a worked Python walkthrough, and the caveats.
Justice and immigration · Government operations · Federal data
FEMA’s Hazard Mitigation Assistance grants pay to reduce disaster risk before and after the storm — the preventive complement to the rebuild-after Public Assistance program — and OpenFEMA publishes roughly 56,000 funded mitigation projects. A field-level guide to HMGP, FMA, PDM, and BRIC; buyouts, elevations, safe rooms, and mitigation plans; the “$6 saved per $1 spent” finding and the equity debate over benefit-cost scoring; and a Python workflow that sums federal share by program, state, and project type.
Environment and energy · Government operations · Federal data
When a startup raises a seed round, a hedge fund launches, or a sponsor syndicates an apartment building, it almost never registers with the SEC — it files a Form D instead. That brief notice is one of the only public windows into the private markets that now raise more capital than public offerings, and this guide reads it column by column.
The National Weather Service issues every official US watch, warning, and advisory in the Common Alerting Protocol — the same machine-readable feed that drives the Emergency Alert System, Wireless Emergency Alerts, and NOAA Weather Radio. Our weather_alerts table is a rolling snapshot of roughly 3,000 active and recently expired messages, keyed by alert identifier, mapped to NWS zones, and complementary to the deep NOAA storm-events archive.
Environment and energy · Justice and immigration · Federal data
The Federal Reserve supervises bank holding companies, state member banks, and the US operations of foreign banks — and when they break the law or run themselves unsafely, it acts. This guide walks the ~1,500-action public enforcement record: the cease-and-desist orders, written agreements, civil money penalties, and removal-and-prohibition orders, the holding-company vantage that distinguishes the Fed from the OCC and FDIC, and how the three banking regulators’ records join into a single map of US bank supervision.
The Antitrust Division’s case record runs from United States v. Microsoft to the modern big-tech monopolization suits—roughly 920 civil merger challenges, monopolization cases, and criminal cartel prosecutions keyed by matter and defendant. A field-level guide to the Sherman and Clayton Acts, the DOJ–FTC split, the criminal cartel program, Hart-Scott-Rodino premerger review, and a Python workflow that tallies cases by type and year.
Congressional hearings are the principal way House and Senate committees gather information, and the published transcripts are the official record of that testimony. This guide covers the GovInfo CHRG collection — roughly 46,000 hearing transcripts keyed by package ID and committee — the five hearing types, the give-and-take that the transcripts preserve, how hearings feed the bills, votes, and laws that follow, a worked GovInfo API walkthrough, and the caveats of a corpus assembled from fifty-odd committees.
The Public Assistance program is the federal government’s largest disaster-recovery grant — the money that rebuilds roads, schools, hospitals, and water systems after a presidential disaster declaration. OpenFEMA publishes roughly 195,000 funded-project summaries showing what was rebuilt and at what cost; this guide explains the Stafford Act frame, the work categories, the cost-share, and how to join the spending to the declarations.
Environment and energy · Government operations · Federal data
The CFTC’s Division of Enforcement brings the civil actions that police the US derivatives markets — fraud, manipulation, spoofing, and, increasingly, digital-asset cases. This guide walks the ~4,400-record enforcement file: the Commodity Exchange Act frame, administrative orders versus federal-court complaints, the spoofing and benchmark-manipulation eras, the crypto-as-commodity fight with the SEC, and a Python workflow that scrapes the public cftc.gov pages to tally actions by year and violation and rank respondents by monetary relief.
The National Science Foundation funds roughly a quarter of all federally supported basic research at US colleges and universities, and every grant it makes leaves a public record — the award number, the institution, the principal investigator, the program and directorate, the title and abstract, and the obligated dollars. This guide covers the merit-review system behind the awards, the directorate structure, the searchable abstract corpus, and a Python workflow against the open NSF Awards API.
Research and education · Government operations · Federal data
When a national bank breaks the law or runs an unsafe operation, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency answers with a cease-and-desist order, a consent order, or a civil money penalty — and publishes it. This is a deep dive into the OCC enforcement record: roughly 4,900 actions against national banks, federal savings associations, and the bankers behind them, the BSA/AML and mortgage-servicing and sales-practices failures that drive them, and how the dataset joins the FDIC and Federal Reserve records into one map of US bank supervision.
Every bill that clears both chambers and the President’s desk becomes a numbered public law — the Americans with Disabilities Act, HIPAA, Dodd-Frank, the Affordable Care Act, the CARES Act. GPO publishes the chronological record through GovInfo, and our public_laws table holds the several thousand of them enacted from the 101st Congress forward. A field-level guide to public-law numbering, the slip-law to Statutes-at-Large to US Code pipeline, and a worked GovInfo API walkthrough.
When a nuclear licensee breaks a safety requirement, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission issues a Notice of Violation, a civil penalty, or an order — and records it. This guide reads the ~1,800-action enforcement file as the federal ledger of nuclear-safety accountability, from the color-coded Reactor Oversight Process to the lessons of Three Mile Island and Fukushima.
The Government Accountability Office is the nonpartisan audit, evaluation, and investigative arm of Congress — the congressional watchdog. This guide covers what the GAO reports dataset is, how the office works, the High-Risk List and the duplication report, recommendation tracking and reported financial benefits, bid-protest decisions, how the reports table joins to the spending and legislative records, a worked Python walkthrough against gao.gov, and the caveats every analyst must hold.
The Department of Labor’s Office of Foreign Labor Certification runs the labor side of employment-based immigration — and publishes every case as quarterly disclosure data. A guide to ~298,000 visa-labor records spanning the H-1B LCA, PERM, and the seasonal H-2A and H-2B programs, the prevailing-wage attestation at their core, and how they join to USCIS and BLS.
Labor and workplace · Justice and immigration · Federal data
When a company with a traditional pension goes bankrupt and its plan is underfunded, the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation steps in as trustee and pays the retirees — and records the dead plan in a federal registry. This guide covers the ~5,170 trusteed plans, the ERISA insurance frame, the single- and multiemployer programs, the benefit guarantee cap, the steel-airlines-auto collapse the data documents, the Form 5500 join, and a worked Python walkthrough.
The Federal Trade Commission announces nearly everything it does — every settlement, every merger challenge, every new rule — through a press release, and those releases together form a searchable public log of US consumer-protection and antitrust enforcement. This guide reads the FTC’s ~10,700-record press and enforcement archive as a dataset: the Section 5 frame, the consumer-protection and competition missions, landmark privacy penalties, the shifting priorities of junk fees and noncompetes and big-tech antitrust, and a Python workflow that tallies releases by year and topic.
Consumer protection · Justice and immigration · Cybersecurity and privacy · Federal data
Form 8-K is the SEC’s current report — the event-driven filing a public company must submit within four business days of a major development. This guide covers the item-code taxonomy, the four-business-day clock, the 2023 cyber-incident rule, how the corpus joins to the EDGAR registry by CIK, a worked submissions-API walkthrough, and the caveats of tagged-event data.
Every reportable US railroad accident since 1975 — derailments, collisions, grade-crossing strikes — flows to the Federal Railroad Administration on Form 6180.54 and lands in the Railroad Accident/Incident Reporting System. This guide covers the reporting threshold, the cause-code taxonomy, the East Palestine and PTC debates, and how ~224,000 records join to the grade-crossing inventory.
Every citation and order a federal inspector writes at a US mine — coal, metal, and nonmetal — lands in one Department of Labor record, roughly 3.07 million violations keyed by mine ID and citation number. A field-level guide to the Mine Act, the S&S and unwarrantable-failure tiers, the pattern-of-violations process, penalty assessment and contest, the join to the mines and accidents data, and a Python workflow that ranks operators by assessed penalty and S&S rate.
Every number in a public company’s 10-K and 10-Q is filed not just as formatted text but as a structured, machine-readable XBRL fact — revenue, net income, total assets — tagged to a US-GAAP concept and keyed to the filer’s CIK and period. This guide covers the 2009 mandate that created a decade of comparable structured fundamentals, the anatomy of a financial fact, the company-facts API, and the caveats of company-chosen tags and restatements.
The US Geological Survey runs ComCat, the authoritative catalog of global earthquakes — our slice holds ~101,000 magnitude-4-and-greater events worldwide since 2020, each with an origin time, location, depth, and magnitude type. A field guide to the ANSS comprehensive catalog, why depth and magnitude type matter, the ShakeMap–PAGER impact pipeline, and the no-key FDSN web service that serves it all in minutes.
The H-1B visa is the central channel through which US employers hire skilled foreign workers, and the USCIS H-1B Employer Data Hub turns that program into a public record — roughly 764,000 employer-petition rows from 2009 to 2023 naming who sponsors, where the job sits, and whether the petition was approved or denied.
Form 5500 is the annual report every private-sector retirement and welfare plan must file under ERISA — the federal government’s primary public window into a private benefit system holding trillions of dollars. This guide covers the joint DOL, IRS, and PBGC filing, the EFAST2 system, plan types and schedules, the 401(k)-fee and pension-funding data, and a Python workflow over the public datasets.
For most of its history the Congressional Research Service wrote authoritative, nonpartisan analysis for members of Congress that the public was not allowed to read — until a 2018 appropriations law forced the reports into the open. This is a guide to the ~23,200-report database that resulted: what CRS is and why it sits inside the Library of Congress, the anatomy of a product number and its revisions, how the reports earn their reputation as the most citable secondary source on US federal policy, a worked Python walkthrough of the EveryCRSReport bulk index, and the caveats of working with a corpus that was never designed to be a dataset.
FINRA’s BrokerCheck publishes the registration, status, and disciplinary history of every US broker-dealer firm — roughly 13,300 firm records keyed by CRD number, the screening source behind every “is this brokerage legit?” question. A field-level guide to CRD identifiers, the SEC-FINRA self-regulatory structure, disclosure events, registration scope, and the broker-misconduct research built on this record.
USASpending.gov is the government’s official open-data record of how it spends money, and its contracts half — sourced from FPDS-NG — is the authoritative governmentwide procurement file: roughly 100 million award and transaction records carrying the agency, the recipient UEI, the obligated dollars, the NAICS and PSC codes, and the competition status of every federal contract action. This guide covers the DATA Act mandate, the prime-award schema, competition and set-aside fields, the UEI transition, joins to subawards and the exclusions list, and a worked USASpending API walkthrough.
When CMS revokes a provider’s Medicare billing privileges, it ends their ability to bill the program and attaches a re-enrollment bar of one to ten years — up to twenty for the worst cases. A field-level guide to 42 CFR 424.535, the revocation reasons, the re-enrollment bar, how revocation differs from an HHS-OIG exclusion, the ACA screening expansion, and a Python workflow over the genuine data.cms.gov revocations file.
No national survey can measure diabetes or smoking at the scale of a single neighborhood — the samples are far too small. CDC PLACES solves that with model-based small-area estimates, projecting survey responses onto every US census tract; the tract-level file runs to ~3.05 million tract-by-measure rows, the data behind neighborhood health-equity work.
Excess deaths are the gap between how many Americans actually died and how many a statistical model expected — the measure that captured the full toll of COVID-19, including the undiagnosed and the indirect deaths the official tally missed. A field-level guide to the NCHS excess-mortality dataset: the over-dispersed Poisson baseline, the observed-versus-expected threshold, jurisdiction-by-week structure, provisional lag, and a worked data.cdc.gov Python walkthrough.
Before a single dollar of federal campaign money can be traced, the spender has to be named — and the FEC committee registry is where every candidate committee, party committee, traditional PAC, and Super PAC is identified by a unique C-prefixed ID. This guide covers FECA and the registration threshold, the committee taxonomy, how Citizens United and SpeechNow created the Super PAC, and how the committee ID joins to the itemized money.
The HHS Office of Inspector General is the largest inspector general in the federal government, and its enforcement record — roughly 10,900 settlements, civil monetary penalties, and corporate integrity agreements — is the closest thing there is to a map of where healthcare-fraud risk has concentrated, from drug makers and hospital systems to nursing homes and labs. A field-level guide to the False Claims Act, the Anti-Kickback Statute, the Stark Law, CIAs, the LEIE relationship, and a Python workflow over the genuine oig.hhs.gov enforcement listing.
HCAHPS is the first national, standardized survey of what patients actually experienced in the hospital — nurse communication, responsiveness, cleanliness, the 0-to-10 rating, the would-recommend question — adjusted for survey mode and patient mix so hospitals can be compared fairly. A field-level guide to the ~326,000 hospital-by-measure records published on Care Compare, how the scores feed Hospital Value-Based Purchasing and Medicare payment, and a Python workflow that ranks hospitals, computes state averages, and tests whether response rate tracks score.
The FDIC publishes every formal enforcement order it issues against state-chartered banks and the bankers who run them — roughly 10,900 cease-and-desist orders, civil money penalties, and prohibition orders that bar individuals from the industry for life. A field-level guide to the action types, the institution-affiliated-party concept, BSA/AML and safety-and-soundness causes, the join to the institutions directory, and a Python walkthrough of the public orders system.
Finance and markets · Sanctions and illicit finance · Federal data
For every Medicare-certified hospital, CMS publishes the ZIP codes its patients come from — a hospital-by-patient-ZIP crosswalk of beneficiaries, cases, and charges that is the federal data behind hospital-market definition, merger antitrust review, and the Dartmouth Atlas tradition. A field-level guide to the ~1.16 million-row Hospital Service Area file, why small cells are suppressed, and how to compute catchments and market concentration in Python.
Trade.gov Consolidated Screening List: The Federal Index of Who US Exporters Cannot Do Business With
Before any US company exports a good, transfers technology, or pays a foreign counterparty, it must check one list — the Consolidated Screening List, Trade.gov’s single feed of the restricted-party and sanctions lists from Commerce, State, and Treasury. This guide covers the entries, the legal authorities that bar dealing with them, and how a fuzzy-name search catches the aliases and transliterations that exact matching misses.
The CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics compiles every injury death in the United States from the death certificates filed under the National Vital Statistics System — the federal record behind the overdose epidemic, firearm deaths, rising suicide, and motor-vehicle fatalities, classified by mechanism and intent and reported as age-adjusted rates per 100,000.
Every US hospital reports the bloodstream infections, urinary-tract infections, MRSA, and C. diff its patients acquire while in its care — and CMS publishes the standardized infection ratios on Care Compare. Roughly 173,000 hospital-by-measure records covering the SIR, the observed-versus-predicted math, the HAC penalty money, and a worked data.cms.gov walkthrough.
Every federally insured US bank files a Consolidated Report of Condition and Income every quarter — the Call Report — and the FDIC publishes the result as a system of record so granular that the deposit run and unrealized securities losses that felled Silicon Valley Bank were legible in it months ahead. A guide to ~1.67 million bank-quarter rows: the Call Report’s statutory frame, the FFIEC forms, regulatory capital and asset-quality ratios, CAMELS, the 2023 failures, and a worked BankFind Suite API walkthrough.
On January 1, 2015 OSHA began requiring employers to report every work-related amputation, eye loss, and in-patient hospitalization within 24 hours — creating, for the first time, a near-real-time federal stream of individual severe-injury events. This is a field-level guide to the ~103,000-report dataset: the 29 CFR 1904.39 rule, the employer-name-and-NAICS columns, the inspection-versus-Rapid-Response-Investigation split, the State Plan coverage gap, and a Python workflow over OSHA’s downloadable file.
The FDIC’s BankFind Suite is the canonical registry of every FDIC-insured institution, active and historical — roughly 27,800 banks and thrifts, each pinned to a permanent certificate number that ties together its call-report financials, its failure record, and its enforcement history. A field-level guide to the CERT key, charter classes, the active/inactive lifecycle, and the no-key BankFind API.
Every quarter the SEC requires large institutional investment managers to disclose their long positions in exchange-listed securities, producing the federal database that powers all whale-watching — what Berkshire, Bridgewater, and the big hedge funds bought and sold. This guide covers Section 13(f), the XML information table, the 45-day lag and confidential-treatment carve-outs, the CUSIP and CIK join keys, and a Python walkthrough that pulls a manager’s latest 13F-HR from EDGAR and ranks its top holdings.
The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act forces thousands of lenders to report every mortgage application and loan — but first someone has to record who filed. The FFIEC filer panel is that registry: roughly 34,700 filer-year records (2018–2023) keyed by Legal Entity Identifier, the index to the most important fair-lending dataset in the country.
Finance and markets · Economy and demographics · Federal data
When COVID-19 closed the economy in March 2020, Congress answered with the largest small-business lending program in American history — and the SBA published it loan by loan. The result is a roughly 11.8 million-record database of forgivable paycheck-protection loans: every borrower, lender, NAICS code, amount, and forgiveness status, and the fraud that rode in alongside the relief.
The USDA Food and Nutrition Service publishes monthly SNAP participation and benefit data by state — total participants, households, benefits issued, average benefit per person, and issuance history going back to 1969. The data shows how food assistance responds to recessions, pandemic aid expansions, and state-level work requirement policies. Here is what the data contains, how to access it, and what 50 years of SNAP data reveals.
Federal data · Food and agriculture · Economy and demographics
The Census Bureau's American Community Survey publishes 5-year estimates for every census tract in the US — income, poverty, race, housing tenure, education, employment, and 350+ other variables at the tract level. ACS is the denominator that makes every other federal dataset meaningful: HMDA denial rates per capita, OSHA injury rates per worker, SNAP participation per household. Here is what it contains, how to access it, and how to join it to enforcement data.
Federal data · Economy and demographics · Transparency and open data
HUD's Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity office publishes a complaint database covering every fair housing complaint filed with HUD and participating state agencies — basis of discrimination (race, national origin, disability, familial status, sex, religion), property type, complaint disposition, and whether the complainant received relief. Here is the data structure and what 50,000+ complaints reveal about where housing discrimination concentrates.
Federal data · Economy and demographics · Justice and immigration
The Bureau of Justice Statistics publishes the National Prisoner Statistics program — state and federal prison populations back to 1925, with demographics (race, sex, age), offense categories, sentence lengths, and admissions/releases flows. Here is the data structure, how to access it, and what 100 years of incarceration data reveals about mandatory minimums, the drug war, and mass incarceration's racial dimensions.
OSHA publishes its full inspection and citation database — every workplace inspection since 1972, every violation found, every penalty assessed, and whether the employer contested the citation. The database covers 2.5M+ inspections across all industries. Here is what it contains, how to query it, and what patterns emerge from 50 years of enforcement data.
The Department of Labor's Wage and Hour Division publishes a public enforcement database covering every concluded investigation — employer name, violation type, back wages owed, employees affected, and civil money penalties. The database covers FLSA minimum wage/overtime, H-2A/H-2B temporary workers, FMLA, and Davis-Bacon prevailing wage violations. Here is the structure, how to query it, and what the data reveals about wage theft patterns across industries.
The Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) contains a record for every motor vehicle crash death on US public roads since 1975 — 1.1M+ fatalities with vehicle type, crash circumstances, driver behavior, and roadway conditions. Here is the data structure, how to download it, and what it reveals about drunk driving trends, pedestrian deaths, and the safety gap between vehicle classes.
The FEC publishes bulk data on every contribution and expenditure in federal elections — candidates, PACs, super PACs, and party committees. Here is how to download the full dataset, trace money from donor to expenditure, and identify the shell-company layer that obscures dark money flows.
HHS-OCR publishes every reported healthcare data breach affecting 500+ patients — the "Wall of Shame." Over 5,000 entries covering ransomware attacks, stolen laptops, unauthorized employee access, and business associate failures. Here is what the database contains and what it reveals about healthcare security failures.
Federal data · Health and medicine · Cybersecurity and privacy
The EEOC publishes annual charge statistics and, since 2017, charge-level data under FOIA. The aggregate data shows which industries generate the most race, sex, disability, and age discrimination charges — and which large employers appear repeatedly in the conciliation record.
Federal data · Justice and immigration · Labor and workplace
After FOIA litigation, SBA public loan-level files cover 11.8 million loans and roughly $793 billion in approved principal. The records support aggregate analysis and exact-identifier linkage to identified official enforcement actions; servicing fields, fuzzy matches, and missing nonprofit records are not allegations.
Federal data · Finance and markets · Consumer protection · Transparency and open data
The STOCK Act requires members of Congress to report stock trades within 45 days. The House Clerk publishes scanned PDFs — not structured data. Here is how Quiver Quantitative, Capitol Trades, and journalists have structured this data, and what the disclosures reveal about trading patterns around legislation and committee assignments.
Federal data · Government operations · Transparency and open data
EOIR publishes quarterly data on every immigration judge's case outcomes, including asylum grant rates. The spread is enormous — some judges grant asylum in fewer than 5% of cases; others grant it in more than 90%. Here is how to access and analyze the data.
The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act requires 7,000+ lenders to report every mortgage application — approvals, denials, withdrawn, race, income, loan amount, census tract. Here is how to use the CFPB bulk download to find redlining, reverse redlining, and lender-level denial rate disparities.
Federal data · Economy and demographics · Finance and markets
The CPSC Recall database covers 9,800+ recalls since 1973. Behind the press releases: how many units are actually returned, which hazard categories dominate, and why the voluntary recall system lets manufacturers negotiate the language of their own enforcement actions.
Section 13(f) requires institutional investment managers with >$100M in 13(f) securities to file quarterly holdings disclosures with the SEC — ~5,000 filers, 45-day lag, long-equity-only view. Here is the full holdings table schema (CUSIP, VALUE, SH/PRN, PUT/CALL, INVESTMENT DISCRETION, VOTING AUTHORITY), what 13F covers and critically excludes (no short positions, no bonds, no foreign-listed shares), major filers (Berkshire, BlackRock, Renaissance), confidential treatment requests, the 45-day stale-data limitation and clone strategy research, academic use (Griffin/Xu 2009, Brunnermeier/Nagel 2004, Edmans 2009), comparison to 13D/13G/Form 4, and a Python EDGAR bulk index parser to track position changes for any manager by CIK.
How we indexed 380 million DEA ARCOS controlled-substance transaction records from the opioid MDL discovery release, what the data reveals about pill distribution, and how to cross-reference it against DEA enforcement actions and CDC overdose mortality.
Before a public water system ever incurs a drinking-water violation, a sanitary surveyor usually walks the site — the wellhead, the chlorination room, the storage tank, the operator logbook — and records what is wrong. EPA stores those inspections in the Safe Drinking Water Information System: roughly 433,150 site visits, each keyed to a public water system and scored across eight evaluation areas.
Every factory, refinery, power plant, and chemical works in America that emits to the air sits somewhere between in compliance and High Priority Violator, and EPA keeps the ledger in ICIS-Air — roughly 279,262 stationary sources, each carrying its Clean Air Act program classification, permitted pollutants, compliance status, last full compliance evaluation, and formal enforcement actions.
Every year the federal government calls roughly 400,000 Americans and asks how tall they are, how much they weigh, how often they exercise, and how many vegetables they eat. The CDC Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity dataset is the state-by-state distillation of those answers — the most comprehensive federal record of how American health behavior varies across geography, income, race, and education.
After a hospital stay ends, the least visible part of American healthcare begins — the home health nurse, the hospice, the skilled nursing facility. Medicare spends roughly $60 billion a year on this post-acute care, and CMS publishes a provider-level record of how much each agency, hospice, and nursing facility delivered and was paid, across roughly 28,404 provider-by-measure rows.
The NIST National Vulnerability Database is the federal record that turns CVE identifiers into structured, comparable data — roughly 459,000 catalogued software vulnerabilities, each carrying a CVE ID, CVSS severity score, CWE weakness type, affected products, and references. It is the layer that makes the world catalogue of known vulnerabilities something you can query, rank, and prioritize.
For nearly every nursing home, home health agency, hospice, and hospital that bills Medicare, the federal government now publishes who owns it — the holding companies, management firms, real-estate trusts, and private equity funds stacked behind the name on the door. The CMS all-owners files under 42 CFR 455.104 are an X-ray of who controls American institutional care, with roughly 280,000 ownership records for nursing homes alone plus home health, hospice, and hospitals.
Health and medicine · Ownership and consolidation · Federal data
There is a single federal list that can end a company. When a firm or person is placed on the SAM.gov exclusions list, they are barred across the entire US government from winning federal contracts and most grants, loans, and benefits — roughly 64,400 active exclusion records, each naming the excluded party, why, by whom, and for how long.
The FDA National Drug Code Directory is the federal index of every drug product marketed in the United States — roughly 40,000 active listings, each keyed by its three-segment NDC and carrying brand and generic names, labeler, dosage form, route, active ingredients, DEA schedule, and marketing dates. The NDC is the universal serial number of the American drug supply.
The FAA Airmen Certification Database is the federal registry of every person certified to work in American aviation — roughly 881,000 pilots, flight instructors, mechanics, dispatchers, and parachute riggers, each with a unique FAA identifier, certificate type and level, ratings, and medical class, published as the public Releasable Airmen file.
Every civil aircraft flying legally in the United States carries an N-number on its tail, and behind each tail number sits a row in the FAA Aircraft Registry — roughly 293,000 registered aircraft with serial number, manufacturer, model, year, registrant, airworthiness class, and the Mode S hex code that bridges the registry to live ADS-B flight tracking.
The Commitments of Traders report is the CFTC weekly X-ray of who holds the open positions in US futures markets — roughly 98,000 market-week rows splitting open interest in crude oil, gold, corn, Treasuries, the E-mini S&P 500, and dozens of other contracts among commercial hedgers, swap dealers, managed-money funds, and small speculators.
The FDA Product Classification database is the master taxonomy of American medical devices — roughly 7,058 device types, each pinned to a three-letter product code, a risk class (I, II, or III), a CFR regulation number, a medical specialty panel, and the premarket pathway a manufacturer must clear to sell it, forming the schema beneath every 510(k), PMA, registration, and adverse-event report.
The CMS Doctors and Clinicians national file is the closest thing the United States has to a public directory of who practices medicine inside Medicare — roughly 163,000 physician and clinician records carrying NPI, specialty, medical school, graduation year, group practice, hospital affiliation, and whether the provider accepts Medicare assignment.
Behind every EPA enforcement action is a list of names — the companies, municipalities, and individuals the United States actually pursued. EPA keeps that list in the Integrated Compliance Information System, and surfaced through ECHO it amounts to 199,682 defendant records, each tying a named party to a case number and flagging whether it appears in the complaint, the settlement, or both.
Form 144 is the notice an insider files before selling — the public statement of intent a corporate affiliate must put on record with the SEC before disposing of restricted or control securities under Rule 144. Where Form 4 records the trade that already happened, Form 144 announces the one about to, across 1,681 machine-readable notices since mandatory EDGAR e-filing began in 2022.
Every SEC dataset identifies the company it concerns by a single number, the Central Index Key. The EDGAR company registry is the master index that turns that number into an entity — 28,392 companies, each carrying CIK, name, ticker, industry code, state of incorporation, exchange, former names, and active status, the lookup that makes the entire SEC corpus joinable.
Form N-PORT is the monthly portfolio report every registered mutual fund and ETF files with the SEC — a position-by-position X-ray of what each fund owns, with 354,405 holding rows carrying security identifiers, market value, percent of net assets, asset category, country, and the fair-value hierarchy level that flags illiquid Level 3 positions.
Schedule 13D is the federal filing an investor must submit on crossing 5 percent beneficial ownership of a US public company with intent to influence it — the document that turns a quiet stake into a public campaign, capturing the activist toeholds, proxy fights, and breakup demands of Icahn, Elliott, Pershing Square, and Starboard in near real time.
Finance and markets · Transparency and open data · Federal data
The Federal Railroad Administration maintains a record of every place a road and a railroad meet in the United States — 250,636 crossings, each with a unique DOT crossing number, warning-device type, and train and traffic counts, paired with a companion database of every train-vehicle collision, forming the foundation of US grade-crossing safety analysis.
The FMCSA crash file records every state-reported crash involving a federally regulated commercial truck or bus — 258,057 crashes keyed to the carrier USDOT number, covering fatalities, injuries, tow-aways, and hazmat releases, feeding the CSA Crash Indicator safety score and a decade of policy debate over large-truck safety.
EPA combines the National Emissions Inventory and the Toxics Release Inventory into a single facility-level record of what American industry emits — 10.4 million rows, one per facility per pollutant per year, each keyed to an FRS Registry ID that links a smokestack to its permits, enforcement history, and census tract.
The FMCSA motor carrier census records every entity holding a USDOT number — 2.18 million interstate trucking companies, bus and motorcoach operators, hazmat carriers, freight forwarders, and brokers — the federal registry that underpins safety oversight, insurance underwriting, and freight broker vetting across US trucking.
The IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File is an account/status extract keyed by EIN and tagged with STATUS, subsection, NTEE sector, foundation type, ruling month, and financial fields. It is not a census or a uniform recognition list: self-declared organizations and churches that were not required to apply and did not apply are omitted.
The openFDA Food Enforcement dataset surfaces every food and cosmetic recall the FDA has classified through its Recall Enterprise System — roughly 25,000 records carrying the recall reason, recalling firm, hazard class (I, II, III), distribution footprint, and the dates that trace each recall from initiation to termination.
Health and medicine · Food and agriculture · Consumer protection · Federal data
The Corporate Prosecution Registry at Duke and UVA covers 3,000+ federal organizational prosecutions and every DPA/NPA since 1990 — including agreements DOJ refused to disclose under FOIA.
Federal data · Justice and immigration · Transparency and open data